What is the purpose of "rules of engagement" (ROE)?

The purpose of "rules of engagement" (ROE) is primarily to define the circumstances and limitations under which military forces can engage the enemy. ROE are critical because they provide legal and operational guidance, ensuring that the actions of military personnel are consistent with international law and military objectives. By establishing clear protocols, ROE guide soldiers on when and how to use force, thereby helping to prevent unnecessary escalation and ensuring adherence to ethical standards during combat operations. These rules encompass considerations such as proportionality, necessity, and the distinction between combatants and non-combatants, which are essential in modern warfare to minimize civilian casualties and uphold the integrity of military operations.